选择了这个版本

wget https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/get/p/23/file/mysql-server_5.7.42-1debian10_amd64.deb-bundle.tar

解压缩

tar xvf mysql-server_5.7.42-1debian10_amd64.deb-bundle.tar

安装依赖

apt install libnuma1 libmecab2 libaio1 libatomic1

按照顺序安装

dpkg -i mysql-common_5.7.42-1debian10_amd64.deb
dpkg -i libmysql*
dpkg -i mysql-community-client_5.7.42-1debian10_amd64.deb
dpkg -i mysql-client_5.7.42-1debian10_amd64.deb
dpkg -i mysql-community-server_5.7.42-1debian10_amd64.deb

测试

mysql -uroot -p

配置文件(bind参数将127.0.0.1调整为0.0.0.0)

vi /etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.cnf